Showing posts with label General Info. Show all posts
Showing posts with label General Info. Show all posts
GLOSSARY OF TERMS "C" - An Indian Art.
Prashanth | 5:13 PM |
General Info
GLOSSARY OF TERMS- An Indian Art.
da - A tabla bol of pakhawaj origin.
da - A tabla bol.
dadra - A semiclassical style of singing
dadra tal - A common six beat tal used in light and semiclassical music.
dagga - The large metal left hand drum.
dakshaman tal - An obscure tal of 21 beats.
dam - (Lit. "Breath"). A pause, specifically the two pauses which separate the three sections of a tihai.
damdar tihai - A tihai in which each section is separated by a pause.
damodar tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
damaru - A small hour-glass shaped drum traditionally ascribed to Shiva.
damaru yati - An ancient form where the tempo begins very fast, decreases to slow, then increased towards the end. So called because its graphic representation resembles a damaru.
darbar - Royal court.
darbari kanada - A common evening rag.
das pran - (Archaic, Lit. "ten breaths") The ten characteristics of tal.
das syandan tal - An obscure tal of 10 beats.
dayan - The small wooden right hand drum.
dedh - Playing 3 strokes over two beats (i.e., 1 1/2 times)
Delhi - See Dilli.
deshi - Pertaining to the world, land, country, or, people.
deshi nishabd kriya - An ancient concept regarding timekeeping with the hands, performed so that sound was not produced. This was specifically used in the deshi sangeet.
deshi sashabd kriya - An ancient concept regarding timekeeping with the hands, performed so that sound was produced (i.e., snapping of fingers, clapping of hands, etc.). This was specifically used in the deshi sangeet. deshi tal - A tal which is of the ordinary material world, opposite of marg tal.
devadhwani tal - An obscure tal of 17 beats.
devagandhar tal - An obscure tal of 23 beats.
devaguna tal - An obscure tal of 12 beats.
dha - A fundamental bol of both tabla and pakhawaj.
dha - An uncommon bol.
dhadhi - A Muslim community of hereditary musicians, generally considered to be low caste.
dhaivat - The sixth note of the scale (Dha).
dhamar tal - See dhammar tal.
dhammar - An old style of singing, similar to dhrupad, generally associated with the spring season.
dhammar punjabi tal - An obscure tal of 14 beats.
dhammar tal - A 14 matra pakhawaj tal.
dhammari tal - An obscure tal of 11 1/2 beats.
dhi or - A fundamental bol.
dhin - A fundamental bol.
dholak - A crude folk drum characterized by a cylindrical wooden shell covered with skin on both sides.
dholak masala - A paste applied to inner surface of left hand drum skin on many folk drums.
dholki - A small folk drum popular in Maharashtra.
dhrupad - A classical style of music, once popular but today rare.
dhruva - (Archaic) A type of timekeeping in marg sashabd kriya characterized by the snapping of fingers.
dhruva tal - An obscure tal variously considered 11, 14, 21, 23, or 29 beats.
dhumali tal - A variation of kaherava tal.
dhun - 1) A light style of instrumental solo. 2) A musical religious chant.
di or - A tabla bol of pakhawaj origin.
Dilli - Delhi, the present capitol of India.
dilli baj - The style of playing tabla, originally from Delhi, characterized by extensive use of the middle finger and strokes on the rim of the tabla.
dilruba - A bowed instrument with frets like a sitar.
din - A bol of tabla and pakhawaj.
dipak - A rag that is supposed to produce fire when sung correctly.
dipchandi tal - A common 14 beat tal.
dobahar tal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
dohatthu - A composition where both hands are played on the same drum.
dom - A low-caste community of musicians.
dotar - 1) A simple two-stringed instrument played in folk music. 2) An instrument similar to rabab played in Bengal.
drut - 1) Fast tempo. 2) An archaic unit of time equal to two anudrut.
duff - A large tambourine used in folk music.
dugga - See dagga.
dugun - A layakari of 2:1 (i.e., double time).
dupalli - A type of gat where a phrase repeats twice.
durbal - A note of the rag which is weak or subdued.
dval - The tasma of the tabla.
da - A tabla bol of pakhawaj origin.
da - A tabla bol.
dadra - A semiclassical style of singing
dadra tal - A common six beat tal used in light and semiclassical music.
dagga - The large metal left hand drum.
dakshaman tal - An obscure tal of 21 beats.
dam - (Lit. "Breath"). A pause, specifically the two pauses which separate the three sections of a tihai.
damdar tihai - A tihai in which each section is separated by a pause.
damodar tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
damaru - A small hour-glass shaped drum traditionally ascribed to Shiva.
damaru yati - An ancient form where the tempo begins very fast, decreases to slow, then increased towards the end. So called because its graphic representation resembles a damaru.
darbar - Royal court.
darbari kanada - A common evening rag.
das pran - (Archaic, Lit. "ten breaths") The ten characteristics of tal.
das syandan tal - An obscure tal of 10 beats.
dayan - The small wooden right hand drum.
dedh - Playing 3 strokes over two beats (i.e., 1 1/2 times)
Delhi - See Dilli.
deshi - Pertaining to the world, land, country, or, people.
deshi nishabd kriya - An ancient concept regarding timekeeping with the hands, performed so that sound was not produced. This was specifically used in the deshi sangeet.
deshi sashabd kriya - An ancient concept regarding timekeeping with the hands, performed so that sound was produced (i.e., snapping of fingers, clapping of hands, etc.). This was specifically used in the deshi sangeet. deshi tal - A tal which is of the ordinary material world, opposite of marg tal.
devadhwani tal - An obscure tal of 17 beats.
devagandhar tal - An obscure tal of 23 beats.
devaguna tal - An obscure tal of 12 beats.
dha - A fundamental bol of both tabla and pakhawaj.
dha - An uncommon bol.
dhadhi - A Muslim community of hereditary musicians, generally considered to be low caste.
dhaivat - The sixth note of the scale (Dha).
dhamar tal - See dhammar tal.
dhammar - An old style of singing, similar to dhrupad, generally associated with the spring season.
dhammar punjabi tal - An obscure tal of 14 beats.
dhammar tal - A 14 matra pakhawaj tal.
dhammari tal - An obscure tal of 11 1/2 beats.
dhi or - A fundamental bol.
dhin - A fundamental bol.
dholak - A crude folk drum characterized by a cylindrical wooden shell covered with skin on both sides.
dholak masala - A paste applied to inner surface of left hand drum skin on many folk drums.
dholki - A small folk drum popular in Maharashtra.
dhrupad - A classical style of music, once popular but today rare.
dhruva - (Archaic) A type of timekeeping in marg sashabd kriya characterized by the snapping of fingers.
dhruva tal - An obscure tal variously considered 11, 14, 21, 23, or 29 beats.
dhumali tal - A variation of kaherava tal.
dhun - 1) A light style of instrumental solo. 2) A musical religious chant.
di or - A tabla bol of pakhawaj origin.
Dilli - Delhi, the present capitol of India.
dilli baj - The style of playing tabla, originally from Delhi, characterized by extensive use of the middle finger and strokes on the rim of the tabla.
dilruba - A bowed instrument with frets like a sitar.
din - A bol of tabla and pakhawaj.
dipak - A rag that is supposed to produce fire when sung correctly.
dipchandi tal - A common 14 beat tal.
dobahar tal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
dohatthu - A composition where both hands are played on the same drum.
dom - A low-caste community of musicians.
dotar - 1) A simple two-stringed instrument played in folk music. 2) An instrument similar to rabab played in Bengal.
drut - 1) Fast tempo. 2) An archaic unit of time equal to two anudrut.
duff - A large tambourine used in folk music.
dugga - See dagga.
dugun - A layakari of 2:1 (i.e., double time).
dupalli - A type of gat where a phrase repeats twice.
durbal - A note of the rag which is weak or subdued.
dval - The tasma of the tabla.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS "C"- An Indian Art.
Prashanth | 5:12 PM |
General Info
GLOSSARY OF TERMS- An Indian Art.
cabas - A simple instrument made from beads and coconut which is used in film and folk music.
cakkardar - See chakradar.
calan - See chalan.
capaknewala - See chapaknewala.
Carnatic sangeet - The south Indian system of music.
caugun - See chaugun.
chachar tal - See dipchandi.
chakra tal - An obscure tal variously described as five or 30 beats.
chakradar - A tihai in which each phrase is a tihai in itself.
chala - See chalan.
chalan - Some consider this to be similar to peshkar while some consider it to be similar to laggi or ladi. There is not a broadly accepted definition.
champak tal - See adachautal.
chanchar - See dipchandi.
chand - A theme and variation based upon unusual syncopations.
chandra tal - An obscure tal of 18 beats.
chandrachartal - See chandrachautal.
chandrachautal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
chandrakala tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
chandrakrida tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
chandramani tal - An obscure tal of 11 beats.
chang tal - An obscure eight beat tal.
chant - See chat.
chanti - See chat.
chapaka tal - An obscure eight beat tal.
chapaknewala - A type of Dha characterized by a strong "Tak" sound.
charbag - A type of gat or paran revolving around a particular bol played four times.
chartal - See chautal.
chartal ki sawari - A rare tal of 11 beats.
chart - See chat
chat - The outer section of the tabla skin.
chat tal - An obscure tal of 12 beats.
chati - See chat.
chatrustal - An obscure tal of 10 beats.
chatur tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
chaturbhag - An archaic unit of time equal to two kalas.
chaturput tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
chaturstra jati - Any rhythm composed of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc. beats.
chaugun - A layakari of 4:1. (i.e., quadruple time.)
chauhai - Similar to tihai except there is a repetition of the phrase four times instead of three.
chaupalli - 1) The same as tipalli except with four sections. 2) A composition revolving around a quadruple repetition of a single bol (e.g.,. . . . . . .).
chautal - An old 12 beat pakhawaj tal.
chegun - (Lit. "six-times") Six strokes per beat.
chela - A disciple, or student.
chikari - The drone strings on the sides of sitar, sarod and a few other instruments.
chilla - 40 days of reclusion and austerities.
chinh - Notational elements.
chitra tal - An obscure tal variously described as two or 15 beats.
chota kheyal - A fast vocal style.
choti savari tal - Considered by most to be synonymous to pancham savari.
chougun - see chaugun.
chudamani tal - An obscure tal considered by some to be 17 beats and 32 beats by others.
chutta - The cushioned rings which support the tabla.
cilla - See chilla.
cabas - A simple instrument made from beads and coconut which is used in film and folk music.
cakkardar - See chakradar.
calan - See chalan.
capaknewala - See chapaknewala.
Carnatic sangeet - The south Indian system of music.
caugun - See chaugun.
chachar tal - See dipchandi.
chakra tal - An obscure tal variously described as five or 30 beats.
chakradar - A tihai in which each phrase is a tihai in itself.
chala - See chalan.
chalan - Some consider this to be similar to peshkar while some consider it to be similar to laggi or ladi. There is not a broadly accepted definition.
champak tal - See adachautal.
chanchar - See dipchandi.
chand - A theme and variation based upon unusual syncopations.
chandra tal - An obscure tal of 18 beats.
chandrachartal - See chandrachautal.
chandrachautal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
chandrakala tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
chandrakrida tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
chandramani tal - An obscure tal of 11 beats.
chang tal - An obscure eight beat tal.
chant - See chat.
chanti - See chat.
chapaka tal - An obscure eight beat tal.
chapaknewala - A type of Dha characterized by a strong "Tak" sound.
charbag - A type of gat or paran revolving around a particular bol played four times.
chartal - See chautal.
chartal ki sawari - A rare tal of 11 beats.
chart - See chat
chat - The outer section of the tabla skin.
chat tal - An obscure tal of 12 beats.
chati - See chat.
chatrustal - An obscure tal of 10 beats.
chatur tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
chaturbhag - An archaic unit of time equal to two kalas.
chaturput tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
chaturstra jati - Any rhythm composed of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc. beats.
chaugun - A layakari of 4:1. (i.e., quadruple time.)
chauhai - Similar to tihai except there is a repetition of the phrase four times instead of three.
chaupalli - 1) The same as tipalli except with four sections. 2) A composition revolving around a quadruple repetition of a single bol (e.g.,. . . . . . .).
chautal - An old 12 beat pakhawaj tal.
chegun - (Lit. "six-times") Six strokes per beat.
chela - A disciple, or student.
chikari - The drone strings on the sides of sitar, sarod and a few other instruments.
chilla - 40 days of reclusion and austerities.
chinh - Notational elements.
chitra tal - An obscure tal variously described as two or 15 beats.
chota kheyal - A fast vocal style.
choti savari tal - Considered by most to be synonymous to pancham savari.
chougun - see chaugun.
chudamani tal - An obscure tal considered by some to be 17 beats and 32 beats by others.
chutta - The cushioned rings which support the tabla.
cilla - See chilla.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS "B"- An Indian Art.
Prashanth | 5:09 PM |
General Info
GLOSSARY OF TERMS- An Indian Art.
baaj - See baj.
baaz - See baj.
badhi - The tasma.
bada - (Lit. "large"). The slow section of a kheyal.
badi savari tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
baj - A style of playing (i.e., dilli baj, ajrada baj, etc.).
bal - A palta or permutation of rela or kaida.
banarasi baj - A style of playing originating in Benares, often considered synonymous to purbi baj.
band - (Lit. "closed".) Non-resonant strokes such as Te, Ka, Kat, Tak, etc.
bandish - A composition or fixed musical piece.
bansi - Corruption of bansuri.
bansuri - A bamboo flute.
bant - Another name for kaida.
banti - Another name for kaida.
barabar lay - 1) Thah or single time. 2)Playing in chaturstra jati (i.e., 1/2 time, single time, double time, etc.).
basant tal - An obscure tal of nine or 18 beats.
basant shikhir tal - An obscure tal of 26 beats.
bastani - In the old days this was a sling in which tabla was placed. In this manner the tabla could be played while walking or standing.
bayan - The large metal left hand drum.
bedum tihai - A tihai in which the three sections are not separated by a pause.
Benares - A city in North India. A gharana from that city.
Bengal - A state in northeastern India.
bhdaua daadra tal - An obscure tal of six beats.
bhagavan tal - An obscure tal of 17 beats.
bhagn tal - An obscure tal of 23 beats.
bhai - Brother. See guru bhai.
bhairav tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 22 beats.
bhajan - A Hindu religious song.
bhakti - Devotion to god.
bhanumati tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 11 beats.
bharan - A filler. Something of little theoretical importance used to fill up a certain number of beats.
bharatnatyam - A classical dance form of South India.
bhargavi tal - An obscure tal of 22 beats.
bhari - (Lit. "full") 1) Clapped, see tali. 2) A section which is characterized by open strokes.
Bhatkhande - See Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande.
bhatkhande paddhati - The theoretical and notational system of Bhatkhande.
bhrang tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
bhrangi tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
bhumika - An opening phrase for tabla solos used in the purbi styles.
biadi lay - Playing in misra jati (i.e., 13/4 times, 31/2 times, or seven times.) See also paune duggan.
bilahairi tal - An unusual tal of 9 1/4 beats.
bin - 1) A vina, specifically Rudra vina. 2) (Incorrectly) A snake charmers instrument.
biradari - (Lit. "brotherhood") The relationship that exists between musicians of the same gharana.
bol - The mnemonic syllabi of tabla.
bol paran - A type of composition whose syllabi are actually words.
Brahma - The supreme creator (God).
brahma tal - An obscure tal either of 14 or 28 beats.
brahmayog tal - An obscure tal of 15 or 18 beats.
brihaddeshi - An ancient musical text written by Matang.
baaj - See baj.
baaz - See baj.
badhi - The tasma.
bada - (Lit. "large"). The slow section of a kheyal.
badi savari tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
baj - A style of playing (i.e., dilli baj, ajrada baj, etc.).
bal - A palta or permutation of rela or kaida.
banarasi baj - A style of playing originating in Benares, often considered synonymous to purbi baj.
band - (Lit. "closed".) Non-resonant strokes such as Te, Ka, Kat, Tak, etc.
bandish - A composition or fixed musical piece.
bansi - Corruption of bansuri.
bansuri - A bamboo flute.
bant - Another name for kaida.
banti - Another name for kaida.
barabar lay - 1) Thah or single time. 2)Playing in chaturstra jati (i.e., 1/2 time, single time, double time, etc.).
basant tal - An obscure tal of nine or 18 beats.
basant shikhir tal - An obscure tal of 26 beats.
bastani - In the old days this was a sling in which tabla was placed. In this manner the tabla could be played while walking or standing.
bayan - The large metal left hand drum.
bedum tihai - A tihai in which the three sections are not separated by a pause.
Benares - A city in North India. A gharana from that city.
Bengal - A state in northeastern India.
bhdaua daadra tal - An obscure tal of six beats.
bhagavan tal - An obscure tal of 17 beats.
bhagn tal - An obscure tal of 23 beats.
bhai - Brother. See guru bhai.
bhairav tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 22 beats.
bhajan - A Hindu religious song.
bhakti - Devotion to god.
bhanumati tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 11 beats.
bharan - A filler. Something of little theoretical importance used to fill up a certain number of beats.
bharatnatyam - A classical dance form of South India.
bhargavi tal - An obscure tal of 22 beats.
bhari - (Lit. "full") 1) Clapped, see tali. 2) A section which is characterized by open strokes.
Bhatkhande - See Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande.
bhatkhande paddhati - The theoretical and notational system of Bhatkhande.
bhrang tal - An obscure tal of 15 beats.
bhrangi tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
bhumika - An opening phrase for tabla solos used in the purbi styles.
biadi lay - Playing in misra jati (i.e., 13/4 times, 31/2 times, or seven times.) See also paune duggan.
bilahairi tal - An unusual tal of 9 1/4 beats.
bin - 1) A vina, specifically Rudra vina. 2) (Incorrectly) A snake charmers instrument.
biradari - (Lit. "brotherhood") The relationship that exists between musicians of the same gharana.
bol - The mnemonic syllabi of tabla.
bol paran - A type of composition whose syllabi are actually words.
Brahma - The supreme creator (God).
brahma tal - An obscure tal either of 14 or 28 beats.
brahmayog tal - An obscure tal of 15 or 18 beats.
brihaddeshi - An ancient musical text written by Matang.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS "A"- An Indian Art.
Prashanth | 5:02 PM |
General Info
GLOSSARY OF TERMS- An Indian Art.
abhiman - Arrogance, considered the major obstacle in ones learning process.
abhinandan tal - An obscure tal of 20 beats.
abhiram tal - An obscure tal of 24 beats.
abhog - A quaternary theme found in dhrupad and other older vocal forms.
achala swar - A note which is immutably fixed (i.e., Sa and Pa).
ada pech tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
adachartal - See adachautal.
adachautal - A common 14 beat tal.
addha tal - A tal of 16 beats.
adi lay - In a four unit time, one plays six units per beat. (i.e., 3/4 time, 1 1/2 time, or tisra jati).
adi tal - A south Indian tal of eight beats, similar to both tintal and kaherava.
ajay tal - An unusual tal of 6 3/4 beats.
Ajrada - A village near Meerat.
ajrada baj - A style of playing originating from Ajrada.
akal - (Lit. "without time") a lucknowi gat which ends before the sam.
aksharkal - (Lit. "unit of time required to utter one short letter of the alphabet".) In ancient times this implied a fundamental unit of measuring rhythm. (4 aksharkal = 1 matra)
alap - A slow rhythmless elaboration upon the rag used by vocalists and instrumentalists.
Amir Khusru - Musician during time of Ala-u-Din Khilji.
anagat (grah) - 1) The process of ending a composition before the sam. 2) An archaic term which means to start the composition before the sam (das pran).
anagat tihai - A tihai which ends before the sam.
andolan - (Lit. "swinging"). An ornament of song or melodic instrument which may be described as a slow shake.
ang - (lit. limb, or section) A measure, or vibhag.
angushtana -A style of tukada or rela which concentrates on the fingers.
anima tal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
ank tal - A rare tal of nine matras.
antarakrida tal - An obscure tal of seven matras.
antara - A secondary theme in vocal styles.
anudrut - 1) Ultra-high speed (see ati-drut). 2) An archaic unit of time equal to two chaturbhag.
anuvadi - A note of the rag which is neither emphasized or deemphasized.
apsara - A celestial nymph.
ara chartal - See adachautal.
ara choutal - See adachautal.
ardhya tal - An obscure tal of 27 beats.
arjun tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 20 beats.
aroh - 1) The ascending structure of the rag. 2) The first half of a lom-vilom gat.
arohana - Ascending structure of rag.
arti - A type of worship which is performed by waving a burning lamp in a circular fashion around the idol.
arya tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
aryun tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 24 beats.
ashadi jog - Guru purnima.
ashtamangal tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal variously described as being 11 or 22 beats.
ashvini tal - An unusual tal of 11 1/2 beats.
ata - Whole wheat flour which is use as a temporary application to the left side of the pakhawaj.
at tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal variously described as being of 10, 12, 14, 18, 22, and 24 beats.
ath - See at tal.
ati drut - Ultra-fast tempo.
ati vilambit - Ultra slow tempo.
atit (grah) - The process of ending a composition after the sam.
atit tihai - A tihai which ends after the sam.
audhav jati - A rag composed of five notes.
avanaddh - A membranous percussive instrument (e.g., tabla, dholak, mridang, etc.)
avap - (Archaic) A style of timekeeping that does not make sound (marg nishabd kriya).
avaroh - 1) The descending structure of a rag. 2) The second half of a lom-vilom gat.
avarohana - Descending structure of rag.
avartan - A cycle of the tal.
avrutti - See avartan.
azan -The Islamic call to prayer.
abhiman - Arrogance, considered the major obstacle in ones learning process.
abhinandan tal - An obscure tal of 20 beats.
abhiram tal - An obscure tal of 24 beats.
abhog - A quaternary theme found in dhrupad and other older vocal forms.
achala swar - A note which is immutably fixed (i.e., Sa and Pa).
ada pech tal - An obscure tal of nine beats.
adachartal - See adachautal.
adachautal - A common 14 beat tal.
addha tal - A tal of 16 beats.
adi lay - In a four unit time, one plays six units per beat. (i.e., 3/4 time, 1 1/2 time, or tisra jati).
adi tal - A south Indian tal of eight beats, similar to both tintal and kaherava.
ajay tal - An unusual tal of 6 3/4 beats.
Ajrada - A village near Meerat.
ajrada baj - A style of playing originating from Ajrada.
akal - (Lit. "without time") a lucknowi gat which ends before the sam.
aksharkal - (Lit. "unit of time required to utter one short letter of the alphabet".) In ancient times this implied a fundamental unit of measuring rhythm. (4 aksharkal = 1 matra)
alap - A slow rhythmless elaboration upon the rag used by vocalists and instrumentalists.
Amir Khusru - Musician during time of Ala-u-Din Khilji.
anagat (grah) - 1) The process of ending a composition before the sam. 2) An archaic term which means to start the composition before the sam (das pran).
anagat tihai - A tihai which ends before the sam.
andolan - (Lit. "swinging"). An ornament of song or melodic instrument which may be described as a slow shake.
ang - (lit. limb, or section) A measure, or vibhag.
angushtana -A style of tukada or rela which concentrates on the fingers.
anima tal - An obscure tal of 13 beats.
ank tal - A rare tal of nine matras.
antarakrida tal - An obscure tal of seven matras.
antara - A secondary theme in vocal styles.
anudrut - 1) Ultra-high speed (see ati-drut). 2) An archaic unit of time equal to two chaturbhag.
anuvadi - A note of the rag which is neither emphasized or deemphasized.
apsara - A celestial nymph.
ara chartal - See adachautal.
ara choutal - See adachautal.
ardhya tal - An obscure tal of 27 beats.
arjun tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 20 beats.
aroh - 1) The ascending structure of the rag. 2) The first half of a lom-vilom gat.
arohana - Ascending structure of rag.
arti - A type of worship which is performed by waving a burning lamp in a circular fashion around the idol.
arya tal - An obscure tal of 16 beats.
aryun tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal of 24 beats.
ashadi jog - Guru purnima.
ashtamangal tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal variously described as being 11 or 22 beats.
ashvini tal - An unusual tal of 11 1/2 beats.
ata - Whole wheat flour which is use as a temporary application to the left side of the pakhawaj.
at tal - An obscure pakhawaj tal variously described as being of 10, 12, 14, 18, 22, and 24 beats.
ath - See at tal.
ati drut - Ultra-fast tempo.
ati vilambit - Ultra slow tempo.
atit (grah) - The process of ending a composition after the sam.
atit tihai - A tihai which ends after the sam.
audhav jati - A rag composed of five notes.
avanaddh - A membranous percussive instrument (e.g., tabla, dholak, mridang, etc.)
avap - (Archaic) A style of timekeeping that does not make sound (marg nishabd kriya).
avaroh - 1) The descending structure of a rag. 2) The second half of a lom-vilom gat.
avarohana - Descending structure of rag.
avartan - A cycle of the tal.
avrutti - See avartan.
azan -The Islamic call to prayer.
Classical Indian Dance
Prashanth | 9:59 AM |
General Info
Classical Indian Dance
Indian classical dance is a misnomer, and actually refers to Natya, the sacred Hindu musical theatre styles. Its theory can be traced back to the Natya Shastra of Bharata Muni (400 BC).
Dances performed inside the sanctum of the temple according to the rituals were called Agama Nartanam. This was a spiritual dance form.
Dances performed in royal courts to the accompaniment of classical music were called Carnatakam. This was an intellectual art form.
Darbari Aatam form of dance appealed more to the commoners and it educated them about their religion, culture and social life. These dances were performed outside the temple precincts in the courtyards.
The Sangeet Natak Akademi currently confers classical status on eight "dance" forms:
1. Bharatanatyam
2. Kathak
3. Kathakali
4. Kuchipudi
5. Manipuri
6. Mohiniaattam
7. Odissi
8. Sattriya
For lack of any equivalents in the European culture, the British colonial authorities called any performing art forms found in India as "Indian dance". Even though the art of Natya includes nritta, or dance proper, Natya has never been limited to dancing alone. At its best, has the most powerful means to lead its worshippers – the artist – to the Divine. It is a sincere depiction of the Divine. It is a sincere depiction of the realities in life, an embodiment of the imagination and gracefulness, the very soul which thereby creates as it were the “Idol of the Beautiful”.
Out of the 8 styles, the most ancient ones and the ones that have their origin in Agama Nartanam are Bharatanatyam and Odissi. These two most faithfully adhere to the Natya Shastra.
Kuchipudi and Mohiniaattam are relatively recent Darbari Aatam forms, just as Kathakali, and two eastern Indian styles, Manipuri and Sattriya, that are quite similar. Kathak bears a strong influence of the Persian dance.
A very important feature of Indian classical dances is the use of Mudras or hand gestures. Mudras are used by the artists to express their feeling or even the whole story.
Source: gloriousindia.org
Indian classical dance is a misnomer, and actually refers to Natya, the sacred Hindu musical theatre styles. Its theory can be traced back to the Natya Shastra of Bharata Muni (400 BC).
Dances performed inside the sanctum of the temple according to the rituals were called Agama Nartanam. This was a spiritual dance form.
Dances performed in royal courts to the accompaniment of classical music were called Carnatakam. This was an intellectual art form.
Darbari Aatam form of dance appealed more to the commoners and it educated them about their religion, culture and social life. These dances were performed outside the temple precincts in the courtyards.
The Sangeet Natak Akademi currently confers classical status on eight "dance" forms:
1. Bharatanatyam
2. Kathak
3. Kathakali
4. Kuchipudi
5. Manipuri
6. Mohiniaattam
7. Odissi
8. Sattriya
For lack of any equivalents in the European culture, the British colonial authorities called any performing art forms found in India as "Indian dance". Even though the art of Natya includes nritta, or dance proper, Natya has never been limited to dancing alone. At its best, has the most powerful means to lead its worshippers – the artist – to the Divine. It is a sincere depiction of the Divine. It is a sincere depiction of the realities in life, an embodiment of the imagination and gracefulness, the very soul which thereby creates as it were the “Idol of the Beautiful”.
Out of the 8 styles, the most ancient ones and the ones that have their origin in Agama Nartanam are Bharatanatyam and Odissi. These two most faithfully adhere to the Natya Shastra.
Kuchipudi and Mohiniaattam are relatively recent Darbari Aatam forms, just as Kathakali, and two eastern Indian styles, Manipuri and Sattriya, that are quite similar. Kathak bears a strong influence of the Persian dance.
A very important feature of Indian classical dances is the use of Mudras or hand gestures. Mudras are used by the artists to express their feeling or even the whole story.
Source: gloriousindia.org
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